Paris (2 536 834), of course, the main shopping centre of all France, but trading interests of

Paris (2 536 834), of course, the main shopping centre of all France, but trading interests of Paris is the general, instead of especial. Manufacturing which are most of all localised in Paris, gloves, the freakish equipment, novelties, both luxurious boots and boots are that of articles of luxury, such as jewelry, perfumery. Paris - also the great financial centre. Marseilles (442 000), one of the oldest cities in Europe, is great seaport of France. Its trade makes more than 350 000 000$ annually, and it takes a place then after Hamburg among great seaports of the central Europe. Its speciality - the big trade with the Mediterranean and the East. Opening of Suez canal had uncountable advantage to Marseilles. Then [101] as port shipment arrives Havre (119 000), in a mouth
From , with full trade not far except for that from Marseilles. Havre - actually port or 'shelter' of Paris. It is the big warehouse for the French import from the North America and the South America. They include mainly a clap, tobacco, wheat, an animal make, and a wool. Its import of the South American wool is huge, as three quarters of the wool used in France now, arrive from area of La Plata. Recently Hay it has been deepened, and now both Rouen and Paris it is possible to consider as seaports. It means, that Paris has direct water communications with London, and is, really, third seaport in the country. Then there arrives Bordeaux (257 000), the main place of export for French wines and . Approximately twenty years ago the wine industry of France has transferred huge loss from destructive actions of a grape plant louse of an insect. More than 4 000 000 acres of a vineyard, being of value 1 000 000 000$, have been in full or in part destroyed by this awful wrecker. The plague, however, was eradicated now, but almost 2 000 000 acres of vineyards have been for a long time destroyed and have been devoted a potato and a root of a sugar beet. The result consists that wine manufacture in France - is less now than, that is necessary for house consumption, and more than fifty percent. More fault is imported, than exported. Remaining great navigable ports - Dunkirk (40 000) and Boulogne (37 500). Calais (57 000) have a big passenger trade with England.
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III. TRADING FEATURES OF GERMANY
GERMANY THE MOST SUCCEEDING NATION IN CONTINENTAL EUROPE

The agriculture, including cattle-breeding, manufacture of dairy products and gardening, is the

The agriculture, including cattle-breeding, manufacture of dairy products and gardening, is the biggest industry of Canada. More than 23 000 000 acres are under a crop and approximately 20 000 000 under a pasture. More than 3 000 000 acres are under wheat. Export of Ontario more than two times so is a lot of cheese as all United States, and its product of cheese is recognised as the finest in the world. Canada exports to one only the Great Britain value for 15 000 000$ cheese annually. In 1896, in one only Ontarios, 170 dairy have appeared more than 6 000 000 pounds of butter at the average pure receipt 18? Cents pounds. The refrigerating services given by the governmental Canadian, it is possible to send oil even from far internal points to Liverpool or London without the slightest deterioration. England buys value for 6 000 000$ Canadian bacon and annually, and the Canadian beef is already known in the London market. The American grain for stock feeding suppose to Canada, duty-free and value for approximately 10 000 000$ is imported annually. A lot of east and southern Canada is well adapted for lifting of fruit. The peninsula Niagara -Clair Ontario is especially known for its peaches and .
TRADE OF CANADA WITH THE UNITED STATES

At the senior savings banks, especially those in Eastern States, are not present any fixed capital

At the senior savings banks, especially those in Eastern States, are not present any fixed capital. That is they are mutual in the form of the organisation. Their capital - the saved up deposits of a considerable quantity of people. Investors - owners. When taxes and other expenses are paid, and the appropriate stock is postponed, the remaining profit is included into the form of interest for investors. Many of savings banks in the western states are used for the benefit as other financial institutions, and at Pacific coast at them are a fixed capital or its equivalent in the form of spare fund in which the majority of investors are not interested differently than, how much it gives safety for their deposits.

Our full export within these twelve months finished on June, 30th 1898, made the unprecedented sum

Our full export within these twelve months finished on June, 30th 1898, made the unprecedented sum almost 1 250 000 000$ (1 231 329 950$). [4] It is quantity almost a quarter on billion dollars more than ever before, unique years when export even has approached this quantity which is 1897 and 1892, when export was a little more than billion dollars in each case. From this export the sum 855 000 000$, or seventy one percent. From whole, there were for agriculture products, the basic points which are (1) 'grains,' [196], including wheat and wheat flour, grain and fodder grain, an oats
And porridge, a rye and a rye flour, 335 000 000$; (2) clap, 231 000 000$; (3) 'conditions,' including beef and oil, bacon and a ham, pork and fat, oleomargarine, both oil and cheese, 166 000 000$; (4) animals, including horned livestock, horses, sheep, and hogs, 47 000 000$; (5) crude tobacco, 23 000 000$; (6) oil pie, 12 500 000$, both (7) fruit and nuts, 9 000 000$. Export of products of our mines made only 1.6 percent. From full export, or hardly 20 000 000$, the basic points which are (1) coal and coke, 12 500 000$; (2) crude oil, 4 000 000$, and (3) copper ore. Export of products of wood made only three percent. From full export, or 38 000 000$, the basic points which are (1) sawn and cut wood, registration, wood, a pebble, and sticks, 28 500 000$, and (2) naval shops, including pitch, pitch, turpentine, and giving, 9 000 000$. Export of products of our fishery made only 4 500 000$, or it is less than one half one percent. From full export. Export of our products , according to official returnings, made 289 000 000$, or twenty four percent. From full export. But this sum included many points which represent the crude natural products transformed simply in a material for the subsequent manufacturing as, for example, a pig - and iron, boards, a unique skin, an ingot - and bar copper, cotton oil, both a pig - and bar zinc. The basic points in the true list '' (1) cars, including cars of processing of metals, steam engines and locomotives, electric cars, swinging cars, sewing-machines, cars of typewriting and printing machines, and railway rails, hardware, and nails, 65 000 000$; (2) cleared oil, 50 000 000$; (3) manufacturings of a clap, 17 000 000$; (4) vegetable oils and essence, 12 000 000$; (5) agricultural tools, 7 000 000$; (6) cycles, 7 000 000$; (7) paper and [197] paper for printers, 5 500 000$; (8) furniture and another
Wood manufacturing, 5 000 000$; (9) tobacco and cigarettes, 5 000 000$; (10) fertilisers, 4 500 000$; (11) boots and boots, a seat belt, and rubber boots, 3 500 000$; (12) telegraph, phone, and other tools, 3 000 000$; (13) bags, a rigging, and a cord, 2 500 000$; (14) books and brochures, 2 500 000$; (15) sugar, a syrup, treacle, a sugar candy, and a confectioner"s shop, 2 000 000$; (16) alcohol, including and whisky, 2 000 000$; both (17) hours and hours, 2 000 000$.
FOOTNOTE:

India - much more the big and more densely populated country, than the majority of people thinks,

India - much more the big and more densely populated country, than the majority of people thinks, that it. In shape it resembles on the huge paper snake, each of whose diameters make more than 2000 miles in length a little, or it is more than distance through Atlantic from Ireland to Newfoundland. Its territory makes approximately 1 700 000 square miles. From this area more than 1 000 000 square miles, territory, much more than territory of all states of Europe (including British isles) except Russia, are directly under the British control. The rest is indirectly under the British control. The population 308 000 000 from which 236 000 000 are directly under the British control and 72 000 000 indirectly so. This population is made of people who speak in seventy eight various languages from which in twenty languages speak not less than 1 000 000 persons everyone.
THE BIG ABUNDANCE OF INDIA

When the country borrows money, it gives a guarantee, that money will be returned during specific

When the country borrows money, it gives a guarantee, that money will be returned during specific time and that interest will be paid in regular intervals on motionless norm. This guarantee name the obligation. In actual practice instead of borrowing demanded money and then giving bonds for its returning, the countries usually let out bonds at first, and sell to their person offering the highest price. For example, if our government should borrow 1 000 000$, it would let out bonds for this quantity, declaring definitely percent which will be paid, and would call for offers. If the percent made four percent. And the buyer has paid more than 1000$ for the obligation for 1000$, it, of course, will make less than four percent. On its investment. Such bonds are absolutely safe and always market because of our strong financial position among the world nations. Similar bonds are let out by the states, cities, cities, school districts, etc. They not in usual sense, and their value consists completely in ability letting out through its tax power to meet the suffered obligations. Municipal bonds are let out by cities and other municipalities to lift money for local improvements.
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BONDS AND CERTIFICATES ON THE STOCK

St

St.-Petersburg (with suburb 1 267 000), capital of Russia, as the majority of the European capitals, the important [127] shopping centre just as a place
The government. Its manufacturing the main things - interested in creation of an ammunition of war are the general and numerous, but. To 1885 St.-Petersburg was not seaport, but that year the channel has been constructed, which resolves now to the courts pulling twenty two foots of water to enter into its docks. Its harbour, however, is closed with ice since November till May. About St.-Petersburg Reval, the main cotton port of Russia. Crude cotton import of averages of Russia approximately 60 000 000$ annually which most part arrives a straight line from the United States. Moscow (988 000), ancient capital of Russia, is also the big industrial city, but its basic importance is received from the fact that is the great centre of domestic trade of Russia. Warsaw (615 000), capital of the Polish Russia, is the great railway centre, and the basic warehouse of a railway traffic between Russia and other part of Europe. Lodz (315 000), also in the Polish Russia, is a great industrial clap the empire centre. Odessa (405 000) is the main seaport of Russia. It has a huge export trade in grain, oil, gland, a linen seed, [128] wood, disappears, a rigging, a canvas, pitch, and beef. At Riga (283 000), the main port of Russia to Baltic, is the big export trade
With England in characteristic Russian make. Kieff (249 000) is the centre of the Russian industry clearing sugar. Astrakhan (113 000), on the Volga delta, is noted for its fishery of a sturgeon, and its export of caviar, making as speak, 1 500 000$ annually. Tula (111 000) is Sheffield Russia. Even in 1828 in Tula was 600 establishments of a tableware, but manufacturing was then mainly internal. It - now a city of factories as it costs on the big coal and iron area. Nijni- (99 000) it is noted for its fair, the Asian establishment which will be soon cancelled undoubtedly by a modern civilisation. Once a year dealers to number 200 000 come to Nijni- from on all extent of Russia, and even from India and China, to exchange their equipment. Value of an exchange sometimes makes 100 000 000$. Orenburg (73 000), in Urals Mountains, is a limiting warehouse of trade of a trailer of the Asian Russia. The archangel (25 000), by the White sea, is the main shopping centre of trade in the north, with export of characteristic northern product. Baku, on Caspian sea, is the main place of a petroleum industry of Russia. All cities and cities above named grew extremely within last twenty years.
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VI. TRADING FEATURES OF INDIA
THE PAST AND THE PRESENT OF INDIA WAS COMPARED